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Review Question - QID 205707

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QID 205707 (Type "205707" in App Search)
A 22-year-old male is brought to a psychiatrist by his mother, who claims that he has refused to bathe for two weeks and has not shaven for several months. The patient states that he refrains from grooming because he is sure such practices will help him win the lottery. This behavior is most typical of which of the following personality disorders?

Obsessive-compulsive

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Schizoid

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Avoidant

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Dependent

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Schizotypal

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This patient’s odd beliefs and magical thinking are characteristic of schizotypal personality disorder.

Schizotypal personality disorder is a Cluster A personality disorder. Patients are frequently eccentric in appearance, have odd beliefs, and have trouble developing interpersonal relationships. Though Cluster A personality disorders have a genetic association with schizophrenia, psychosis is absent in affected individuals.

Angstman et al. review the DSM-IV personality disorders. Schizotypal personality disorder has a prevalence of about 3% in the US population and is thought to have a genetic basis. Management depends on subtype and often consists of pharmacotherapies or psychosocial intervention.

Fervaha et al. studied neuroimaging findings in patients with schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia. Medial lobe structures appear altered in both conditions, while prefrontal areas that are compromised in schizophrenia appear normal in schizotypal personality disorder.

Illustration A diagrams the Cluster A personality disorders.

Incorrect Answers:
Answer 1: Preoccupation with order is characteristic of obsessive compulsive personality disorder.
Answer 2: Voluntary social withdrawal is characteristic of schizoid personality disorder.
Answer 3: Hypersensitivity to rejection is characteristic of avoidant personality disorder.
Answer 4: Submissive and clinging behavior is a characteristic of dependent personality disorder.

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